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Costs and the ‘without prejudice’ rule

Costs and the ‘without prejudice’ ruleCosts determination and the ‘without prejudice’ ruleAn issue for practitioners is whether correspondence marked ‘without prejudice’ can be used against a party when the court comes to determine the issue of costs. The Court of Appeal in Walker v Wilsher (1889)

VAT definition

Debt for equity swaps

Debt for equity swapsA popular restructuring method is a debt for equity swap; financial creditors receive equity in the restructured vehicle in return for reducing or cancelling their debt claims against the company (and the rest of the group).Many highly levered deals have thin equity cushions and

Arms length management organisations (ALMOs)

Arms length management organisations (ALMOs)An arms length management organisation (ALMO) is a not-for-profit company that provides housing services on behalf of a local housing authority (LHA). Usually an ALMO is set up by the LHA to manage and improve all or part of its housing stock with the LHA