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This Practice Note considers the following issues in relation to the development and use of autonomous and connected vehicles (also referred to as driverless cars or automated vehicles) in the EU:

1. •

   Terminology

2. •

   The state of EU law

3. •

   Product safety and EU type-approval procedure

4. •

   Product liability and insurance

5. •

   Data protection and cybersecurity

The majority of media attention in relation to driverless cars has been on private road vehicles, which is the focus of this Practice Note. However, the technology is applicable in a range of sectors and there is evidence that earlier benefits may be obtained from the development of automated vehicle technology in sectors such as shipping and agriculture.

For a summary of key dates and information relating to the development of autonomous vehicles, see Practice Note: EU automated vehicles—tracker. Practice Note: Automated vehicles—data, privacy and cybersecurity issues in the EU considers the data, privacy and cybersecurity issues arising in connection with the use of autonomous and connected vehicle technology in the EU.

For a summary of