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Shipping and Maritime Law (Volume 93 (2022), paras 1–578; Volume 94 (2022), paras 579–1166)

If it's not in Halsbury's then it's not the law.

Covering every proposition of the law of England and Wales, however niche, Halsbury's Laws provides all your legal answers in a single source.

TAKE A FREE TRIAL

Shipping and Maritime Law (Volume 93 (2022), paras 1–578; Volume 94 (2022), paras 579–1166)

If it's not in Halsbury's then it's not the law.

Covering every proposition of the law of England and Wales, however niche, Halsbury's Laws provides all your legal answers in a single source.

TAKE A FREE TRIAL

Shipping and Maritime Law (Volume 93 (2022), paras 1–578; Volume 94 (2022), paras 579–1166)

Consultant Editor

STOP PRESS: Seafarers' Wages Act 2023

1. Introduction

1. Private maritime law and the public international law of the sea.

2. English maritime law.

3. Extended scope of English jurisdiction.

4. International Conventions.

5. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982.

6. International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea.

7. International Sea-Bed Authority.

8. The International Maritime Organisation.

9. Comité Maritime International.

10. Previous shipping and maritime-related measures of the European Union.

11. Principal legislation.

12. Territorial extent.

13. Non-United Kingdom ships.

14. Meaning of 'qualifying foreign ship'.

15. Government ships.

16. Ships chartered by demise to the Crown.

17. Hovercraft.

18. Provision made for shipping legislation to apply to structures etc.

19. Fishing vessels.

20. Reports of craft movement for customs control.

21. Regulation of craft to prevent smuggling.

22. Public health precautions.

23. Importation of animals by sea.

24. Births and deaths at sea.

25. Control of loading, unloading, coaling etc of ships in docks, harbours, canals etc.

26. Control of work carried out in relation to ships or vessels.

27. Retail of alcohol on vessels etc.

28. Ships as goods; marine insurance.

29. Powers relating to the prevention of terrorism etc.

30. Powers relating to United Nations etc sanctions.

31. The Secretary of State.

32. General functions of the Secretary of State under the Merchant Shipping Act 1995.

33. Secretary of State's general power under the Merchant Shipping Act 1995 to dispense.

34. Secretary of State's power to make regulations, orders, rules and directions under the Merchant Shipping Act 1995.

35. Secretary of State's power to prepare and approve forms required under the Merchant Shipping Act 1995.

36. Secretary of State's power to require returns etc from officers under the Merchant Shipping Act 1995.

37. Secretary of State's power to require statistical returns in respect of carriage of goods and passengers by sea.

38. Financial assistance for training.

39. Financial assistance in respect of crew relief costs.

40. Appointment of inspectors and surveyors.

41. Power to require production of ship's documents.

42. Powers to inspect ships and their equipment etc.

43. Powers of inspectors in relation to premises and ships.

44. Powers to detain ships which do not comply with the Maritime Labour Convention.

45. Other powers of detention.

46. Improvement notices.

47. Prohibition notices.

48. Contents and effect of notices.

49. References of notices to arbitration.

50. Compensation in connection with invalid prohibition notices.

51. The Maritime and Coastguard Agency.

52. His Majesty's Coastguard.

53. Wreck commissioners.

54. The receiver of wreck.

55. Mercantile marine superintendents.

56. Registrar General of Shipping and Seamen.

57. Power to make regulations prescribing fees.

58. Expenses charged on money provided by Parliament.

59. In general.

60. Charges in respect of maritime matters.

61. Charges relating to expenses payable out of the General Lighthouse Fund.

62. Ships in respect of which charges may be imposed.

63. Persons by whom charges are to be paid.

64. Amount of charges.

65. Powers to require information and to disclose information.

66. Collection and recovery etc.

67. Service of documents.

68. Power to regulate the provision of shipping services in the event of foreign action.

69. Parliamentary control of orders to regulate the provision of shipping services in the event of foreign action.

70. Power to prohibit provision of coastal shipping services which are not British-based.

71. Code of conduct for liner conferences.

2. Admiralty Jurisdiction of the High Court

72. Outline of jurisdiction.

73. Origin and conflict with common law courts.

74. Advent of statutory jurisdiction.

75. Law administered in Admiralty.

76. Origin of claims in rem.

77. Origin of claims in personam.

78. Jurisdiction under the Senior Courts Act 1981.

79. Foreign aspects of Admiralty jurisdiction.

80. Jurisdiction under the Hovercraft Act 1968.

81. Jurisdiction under the Merchant Shipping Act 1995 in respect of liability for damage from oil pollution.

82. Jurisdiction as a prize court.

83. Restrictions on jurisdiction.

84. Assignment of business to Admiralty Court.

85. Nature of claims in rem and claims in personam.

86. Claims in rem and the ship or property which is the subject.

87. Claims in personam ('other claims').

88. Conflicts of jurisdiction in Admiralty proceedings.

89. Forum non conveniens.

90. Lis alibi pendens.

91. Stay of proceedings under a foreign jurisdiction clause.

92. Stay of proceedings under an arbitration agreement.

93. Proceedings commenced before 1 January 2021.

94. Extent of jurisdiction regarding possession or ownership of a ship.

95. Rectification of register.

96. Extent of jurisdiction regarding co-ownership.

97. Sale at instance of minority of co-owners.

98. Restraint on dealings with shares.

99. Extent of jurisdiction regarding claims in respect of a mortgage or charge on a ship.

100. Extent of jurisdiction regarding claims for damage done by or to a ship.

101. Extent of jurisdiction regarding claims relating to cargo and carriage.

102. Extent of jurisdiction regarding claims for loss of life or personal injury.

103. Extent of jurisdiction regarding salvage claims.

104. Salvage in respect of aircraft.

105. Services for which remuneration is payable.

106. Persons liable to pay salvage remuneration.

107. Damage caused by salvor.

108. Application of salvage law to the Crown.

109. Apportionment of salvage remuneration.

110. Nature of life salvage.

111. Statutory jurisdiction with respect to life salvage.

112. Nature of wreck and derelict.

113. Vessels wrecked, stranded or in distress.

114. Wrecked aircraft.

115. Extent of jurisdiction regarding claims in the nature of towage or pilotage in respect of a ship or an aircraft.

116. Extent of jurisdiction regarding supplies, repairs and dock charges.

117. Extent of jurisdiction regarding wages and master's disbursements.

118. Special position of foreign ships.

119. What sums may be recovered as wages.

120. What sums may be recovered as master's disbursements.

121. Disbursements made by a shipper, charterer, or agent on account of a ship.

122. Extent of jurisdiction regarding a general average act.

123. Extent of jurisdiction regarding claims arising out of bottomry.

124. Extent of jurisdiction in respect of forfeiture, condemnation and restoration.

125. Forfeiture of ship under the Merchant Shipping Act 1995.

126. Forfeiture of dangerous goods under the Merchant Shipping Act 1995.

127. Cases under the Foreign Enlistment Act 1870.

128. Extent of jurisdiction.

129. The Admiralty Registrar.

130. General jurisdiction of the Admiralty Registrar.

131. Admiralty and Commercial Registry.

132. References to the Admiralty Registrar.

133. Filing of claim on a reference and of a defence to the claim.

134. Requirement for case management conference on a reference.

135. Evidence and interim matters.

136. Hearing of reference and decision.

137. Costs.

138. Appeal against the Admiralty Registrar's decision on the reference.

139. Order on appeal.

140. Claims in rem generally.

141. Claims against owners or ship for damage, loss, personal injury or death.

142. Extension of period for claims against owners or ship.

143. Claims under the Salvage Convention 1989.

144. Claims for liability in respect of oil pollution.

145. Claims on contracts for carriage of goods.

146. Outline of procedure in Admiralty claims.

147. Issue and form of in rem claim form.

148. Right of owners of ship or cargo to sue as such.

149. Service of the in rem claim form.

150. Application for and issue of warrant of arrest.

151. Execution of warrant of arrest.

152. Mode of effecting service of warrant of arrest etc.

153. Custody of arrested property.

154. Entry of caution against arrest.

155. Effect of caution against arrest.

156. Acknowledgment of service of claim form in rem.

157. Persons who may acknowledge service of claim form in rem.

158. Late acknowledgment of service of claim form in rem.

159. Introduction.

160. Security given to obtain release or to prevent arrest of property.

161. Removal of property under arrest.

162. Release where there is a caution against release or payment out.

163. Obtaining release from arrest.

164. Release where security previously given.

165. Statement of value and appraisement.

166. Appraisement and sale of ship by court.

167. Proceedings in rem against the Crown and foreign states.

168. Jurisdiction of the court in relation to a collision claim.

169. The claim form and acknowledgment of service in collision claims.

170. Filing a collision statement of case.

171. Contents of collision statement of case.

172. Power of court to dispense with collision statement of case.

173. Stay of proceedings in collision claims pending security for counterclaim.

174. Admiralty claims in personam to proceed generally in accordance with Commercial Court practice.

175. Service of claim form and acknowledgment of service where claim is in personam.

176. Service out of jurisdiction of claim form where claim is in personam.

177. Particulars of claim etc.

178. Judgment in default in [Admiralty] claim.

179. Judgment against party in claim in rem where notice of arrest has been entered.

180. Judgment in default of filing a collision statement of case.

181. Judgment in default where the claim is made in personam.

182. Jurisdiction of the court in relation to limitation claims.

183. Limitation of liability under the Merchant Shipping Act 1995.

184. Commencement of limitation proceedings.

185. Service of the limitation claim form and acknowledgment.

186. Obtaining a restricted or general limitation decree.

187. Effect of granting limitation decree.

188. Proceedings to set aside general limitation decree.

189. Distribution of limitation fund.

190. Repayment to claimant.

191. Offers to settle and their effect.

192. General procedure in the Admiralty Court relating to trial.

193. Assessors.

194. Rehearing.

195. Payment of money found due.

196. Execution by writ of control.

197. Former jurisdiction of the county courts.

198. Jurisdiction of the Court of Admiralty of the Cinque Ports.

199. Duties and jurisdiction of the Cinque Ports Salvage Commissioners.

200. Appeal from an award of the Cinque Ports salvage commissioners.

201. Appeal from the Court of Admiralty of the Cinque Ports.

202. Former local courts of Admiralty.

203. Courts of the Vice-Admirals of the coast.

204. Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man.

205. Colonial Courts of Admiralty.

206. Application of general law to Admiralty appeals.

207. Security for costs in appeal from Admiralty claim in rem.

208. Principles governing hearing of Admiralty appeal.

209. References to the Admiralty Registrar.

210. Costs of Admiralty appeal.

211. Appeals to the Divisional Court of the King's Bench Division.

212. Appeals to the Divisional Court in relation to statutory marine investigations or inquiries and rehearings.

213. Procedure on appeal to the Divisional Court.

214. Further appeal from the Divisional Court.

215. Rehearing at the instance of the Secretary of State.

3. Merchant Ships

216. Meaning of 'ship' for the purposes of the Merchant Shipping Act 1995.

217. Meanings of 'British ship', 'United Kingdom fishing vessel' and 'United Kingdom ship'.

218. British flag.

219. Duty to show British flag.

220. Duty to declare national character of ship.

221. Ensigns and mooring.

222. Proceedings on forfeiture of a ship.

223. Methods of acquisition.

224. Powers of registered owner of a ship.

225. Managing owner.

226. Joint owners: distribution of profits.

227. Joint owners: control of ship.

228. Joint owners: court order for sale of ship.

229. Liabilities attaching to the owner.

230. Liability as between part owners.

231. Basic registration provisions.

232. Regulation of registration in British possessions by reference to categories of registries.

233. Power to make registration regulations.

234. Tonnage regulations.

235. Tonnage ascertained for registration to be tonnage of ship.

236. Tonnage of ships of foreign countries adopting the tonnage regulations.

237. Disclosure of information relating to registration by other government departments.

238. Private law provisions for registered ships and liability as owner.

239. Proceedings on forfeiture of ships.

240. Central register of British ships.

241. The register.

242. Simple and full registration of fishing vessels, and changing from full to simple mode.

243. Trusts not to be entered.

244. Persons qualified to be owners of ships to be registered on Part I of the register.

245. British connection and majority interest in the ship.

246. Government ships not required to be registered on Part I of the register.

247. Fishing vessels not allowed to be registered on Part I of the register.

248. Eligibility.

249. British connection and representative persons for fishing vessels.

250. Dispensations.

251. Appointment of inspectors.

252. Exemptions.

253. Appointment of representative persons.

254. Service on representative persons.

255. Form of application.

256. Appointment of managing owner where ship has more than one owner.

257. Supplementary requirements for application for registration.

258. Declaration of intent.

259. Evidence required to support registration.

260. Survey and measurement of ship.

261. Ship's proposed name.

262. Approval of names.

263. Allocation of official number and port of choice.

264. Carving and marking of ship on first registration.

265. General requirements relating to carving and marking of ship.

266. How ships other than fishing vessels and certain pleasure vessels are to be marked.

267. How pleasure vessels under twenty-four metres in length are to be marked.

268. How fishing vessels are to be marked.

269. Marking of ship's draught.

270. Inspection of marks.

271. Verification of measurement and carving and marking.

272. Cancellation of carving and marking note.

273. Registration and refusal of registration of a ship.

274. Particulars of owners who are individuals.

275. Particulars of owners who are bodies corporate.

276. Particulars of owners who are representative persons or charterers of fishing vessels.

277. Particulars to be registered about ships.

278. Particulars to be registered about fishing vessels.

279. Particulars to be registered about bareboat charter ships.

280. Period of registration.

281. Documents to be retained by the registrar.

282. Issue of certificate of registry.

283. Details contained in certificate of registry for a ship.

284. Details contained in certificate of registry for a fishing vessel.

285. Details contained in certificate of registry for a bareboat charter ship.

286. Status of certificate of registration.

287. Temporary registration documents for fishing vessels.

288. Renewal notices and time limit for renewal.

289. Application for renewal of registration.

290. In general.

291. Evidence of title on registration of transfer of ship by way of bill of sale.

292. Form of bill of sale.

293. Registration of transfer of a ship by way of bill of sale.

294. Evidence of title on registration of ship transmitted other than by way of bill of sale.

295. Declaration of eligibility on transfer or transmission.

296. Refusal of registration of transfer or transmission.

297. Notification of changes of ownership etc.

298. Change in registered particulars of ship.

299. Change of name.

300. Transfer of port of choice.

301. Removal from the register.

302. Mortgages of registered ships.

303. Form of mortgage.

304. Registration of mortgage.

305. Priority of registered mortgages.

306. Notices by intending mortgagees; priority notices.

307. Transfer of registered mortgage.

308. Transmission of registered mortgage by operation of law.

309. Evidence of transmission of mortgage.

310. Transfer or transmission of registered mortgage.

311. In general.

312. Protection of registered mortgagees.

313. Injunction at suit of charterer against mortgagees out of possession.

314. Mortgagee's right to possession.

315. General position of mortgagee in possession.

316. Mortgagee's right to freight.

317. Registered mortgagee's power of sale.

318. Position of assignee of freight.

319. Discharge of mortgages.

320. Effect of termination of registration on registered mortgage.

321. Provisional registration.

322. Application for provisional registration.

323. Certification of provisional registration and its terms.

324. Condition of provisional registration for fishing vessels.

325. Transfer of registration to relevant British possession.

326. Transfer of registration from relevant British possession.

327. Transfer within the register.

328. Qualification and entitlement to be registered as a small ship on Part III of the register.

329. Persons qualified to be the owners of a small ship to be registered on Part III of the register.

330. British connection of small ships.

331. Disapplication of private law provisions to small ships.

332. Applications for registration of small ships.

333. Details to be registered in relation to small ships and refusal.

334. Certificate of registry of a small ship.

335. Marking of a small ship.

336. Period of registration of a small ship.

337. Renewal of registration of a small ship.

338. Notification of changes of ownership etc of a registered small ship.

339. Supplementary evidence as to entitlement of small ship to registration.

340. Termination of registration of a small ship.

341. Ships bareboat chartered-in by British charterers.

342. Qualification and entitlement for registration of bareboat charter ships other than fishing vessels.

343. Qualification and entitlement for registration of a fishing vessel as a bareboat charter ship.

344. Applications for registration of a bareboat charter ship.

345. Names of bareboat charter ship.

346. Allocation of identifying number to bareboat charter ship; port of choice and port numbers.

347. Marking of bareboat charter ship; inspection etc.

348. Registration of bareboat charter ship.

349. Period of registration of bareboat charter ship; renewal.

350. Notification of changes occurring in relation to bareboat charter ship.

351. Notification to foreign registries by the registrar.

352. Closure of bareboat charter ship's registration by the registrar.

353. Suspension from register under certificates of permission.

354. Restoration of registration upon expiry, cancellation or revocation of certificates of permission.

355. Documents not in the English language to be accompanied by a translation.

356. Witnessing of documents.

357. Dispensing with declarations or evidence otherwise required.

358. Requirement for supplementary information.

359. Duplicate certificates.

360. Custody of certificate.

361. Surrender of certificate on termination or expiry of registration.

362. Dispensing with production of certificate.

363. Status of a Part II certificate under sea fisheries legislation.

364. Removal of marks on cessation of registration.

365. Fees prescribed in respect of any service or other transaction.

366. Re-measurement of tonnage required when changes in registration occur.

4. Hovercraft

367. Meaning of 'hovercraft' for the purposes of the Hovercraft Act 1968.

368. Power to make Orders in Council under the Hovercraft Act 1968.

369. Admiralty jurisdiction.

370. Application of certain enactments to hovercraft.

371. Application of general provisions relating to civil liability.

372. Application of general provisions to hovercraft.

373. Crown application.

374. Extra-territorial effect.

375. Necessity for registration.

376. Procedure for registration of hovercraft in the United Kingdom.

377. Application for the registration of a hovercraft in the United Kingdom.

378. Notification of changes in particulars furnished on application for registration.

379. Nationality and registration marks.

380. Hovercraft registered outside the United Kingdom.

381. Application of provisions.

382. Safety certificate to be in force.

383. Issue of safety certificates.

384. Certificates of compliance with international standards.

385. Inspection and maintenance of hovercraft.

386. Revocation, suspension, variation of certificates; power to prevent hovercraft being used.

387. Operating permits.

388. Duties of operator and owner.

389. Duties of captain.

390. Duty of captain and operator to keep operational records.

391. Documents to be carried.

392. Medical equipment.

393. Notification of casualties.

394. Safety of persons and property.

395. Duty to obey captain.

396. Right of access to hoverports.

397. Power to prevent hovercraft from operating.

398. Revocation etc of certificates etc.

399. Enforcement of directions.

400. Exemptions.

401. Fees.

402. Returns relating to births and deaths.

5. Masters and Crews

403. The applicable provisions.

404. Contract of service.

405. Appointment and removal of master.

406. Change of master during voyage.

407. Master's general authority as owners' agent.

408. Extent of master's implied authority as owners' agent.

409. Liability of master.

410. Exoneration of master; ship's protests.

411. General instances of master's authority to contract.

412. Master's authority to contract for necessaries.

413. Master's lien and right of indemnity.

414. Owner's liability to third persons.

415. Bottomry.

416. Transhipment.

417. Jettison to remove danger.

418. Sale of ship.

419. Sale of cargo.

420. Rights of cargo owner.

421. Master's power to exclude disruptive passengers.

422. Master's power of arrest.

423. Duty to assist aircraft in distress.

424. Master's duty to deliver documents where he ceases to be master during voyage.

425. Minimum ages.

426. Prohibition on employment of persons aged under 16.

427. Provisions regarding the employment of young persons on United Kingdom ships.

428. Content of seafarers' employment agreement.

429. Requirement for seafarers' employment agreement for employees.

430. Seafarer must understand employment agreement.

431. Documentation.

432. Notice.

433. Shipowner's duty in respect of recruitment and placement services.

434. Captive seafarers.

435. General provision for crew agreements.

436. Exemptions from general provision for crew agreements.

437. Carrying of copy of crew agreement in ships.

438. Delivery of crew agreement.

439. Display of crew agreement on ship.

440. Supply and production of copy documents on demand by seamen.

441. Production of documents on demand by officers.

442. Seafarers must hold medical fitness certificate.

443. Reporting of medical conditions.

444. Suspension and cancellation of certificates.

445. Review of medical practitioner's decision.

446. Procedure on discharge.

447. Discharge of seamen when ship ceases to be registered in the United Kingdom.

448. Right, or loss of right, to wages where ship is sold.

449. Extra wages.

450. Compensation on wrongful dismissal.

451. Deductions from wages.

452. Restriction on assignment of and charge upon wages.

453. Power of the court to award interest on wages due otherwise than under crew agreement.

454. Allotment notes.

455. Right of person named in allotment to sue in own name.

456. Admiralty jurisdiction relating to recovery proceedings.

457. Protection of certain rights and remedies.

458. Remedies of master for remuneration, disbursements and liabilities.

459. In general.

460. Late payment.

461. Accounts.

462. Payment of seamen's wages on discharge.

463. Account of seamen's wages.

464. Power of superintendent or proper officer to decide disputes about wages.

465. Right, or loss of right, to wages where ship is wrecked or lost.

466. Payment of wages under crew agreement relating to a United Kingdom fishing vessel.

467. Accounts of wages and catch.

468. Requirements relating to crew accommodation.

469. Inspections and records.

470. Requirement to provide food and drinking water.

471. Organisation and inspection of food and catering facilities.

472. Certification of ship's cooks and training of catering staff.

473. Requirement that a ship's cook is on board.

474. Duty to carry medical practitioner and right to medical care.

475. Medical expenses.

476. Requirement to carry on board prescribed medical stores.

477. Transfer from night duties on medical grounds.

478. Complaints about provisions or water.

479. Expenses of medical and other treatment during voyage.

480. Ships and voyages to which the training, certification and manning provisions apply.

483. Power to exempt from manning requirements.

484. Requirements as to crew's knowledge of English.

485. Officer nationality requirements for masters of strategic ships.

486. Disqualification of holder of seaman's certificate other than an officer.

487. Suspension or cancellation of seaman's certificate.

488. Performance of seafaring duties by crew.

489. Minimum hours of rest and permitted exceptions.

490. Entitlement to annual leave and shore leave.

491. Restriction on contracting out.

492. Compliance and inspection.

493. Maximum weekly working time.

494. Rest periods and annual leave.

495. Restriction on contracting out.

496. Compliance and inspection.

497. Night work.

498. Maximum weekly working time.

499. Rest periods and annual paid leave.

500. Restriction on contracting out.

501. Health assessments.

502. Inquiry into fitness or conduct of officer.

503. Notice of inquiry into fitness or conduct of officer.

504. Appointment of court of inquiry into fitness or conduct of officer.

505. Holding of inquiry into fitness or conduct of officer.

506. Procedure at inquiry into fitness or conduct of officer.

507. Decision of inquiry into fitness or conduct of officer.

508. Inquiry into fitness or conduct of seaman other than officer.

509. Notice of inquiry into the fitness or conduct of a seaman other than an officer.

510. Appointment of court of inquiry into the fitness or conduct of a seaman other than an officer.

511. Holding of inquiry into the fitness or conduct of a seaman other than an officer.

512. Procedure at inquiry into the fitness or conduct of a seaman other than an officer; decision.

513. Decision of inquiry into the fitness or conduct of a seaman other than an officer.

514. Power to summon witnesses before inquiries into fitness or conduct.

515. Rehearing of and appeal from inquiries into fitness or conduct.

516. Procedure on rehearing of inquiry into fitness or conduct.

517. Codes of conduct.

518. Duty to repatriate.

519. Duty pending repatriation.

520. Prohibition on recovering costs from seafarer.

521. Seafarer property.

522. Security against shipowner's liability for death or long term disability of seafarers.

523. Security against the abandonment of seafarers.

524. Compensation of seafarers where ship is lost.

525. Sick pay.

526. Burial or cremation of seafarer.

527. Relief and return of seaman etc left behind and shipwrecked.

528. Limit of employer's liability with regard to seaman etc left behind and shipwrecked.

529. Recovery of expenses incurred for relief and return of seaman etc left behind and shipwrecked.

530. Keeping official log books.

531. Entries in official log books.

532. List of crew to be maintained.

533. Particulars to be specified in list of crew.

534. Duties with regard to copies of list of crew.

535. Delivery on demand of list of crew to Registrar General.

536. Delivery of list of crew.

537. Production of lists of crew on demand to officials.

538. Application for British seaman's card.

539. Issue etc of British seaman's card.

540. Validity of British seaman's card.

541. Requirement to produce British seaman's card.

542. Requirement to surrender British seaman's card.

543. Requirement to deliver British seaman's card.

544. Application for discharge book.

545. Issue, form and content of discharge book.

546. Requirement to produce discharge book.

547. Requirement to deliver discharge book.

548. Effect of loss, destruction, defacement or filling up of discharge books.

549. Notification of errors in seamen's documents.

550. Surrender of seamen's documents.

551. Alterations in seamen's documents.

552. Applications relating to seamen's documents.

481. Mandatory standards of competence and training.

482. Safe manning and watchkeeping arrangements.

6. Pilotage and Towage

553. Meanings of 'pilot' and 'authorised pilot' for the purposes of the Pilotage Act 1987.

554. Meanings of 'competent harbour authority' and 'harbour' under the Pilotage Act 1987.

555. General duties as to provision of pilotage services.

556. Authorisation of pilots.

557. Employment etc of authorised pilots.

558. Pilot boats.

559. Pilotage directions.

560. Pilotage exemption certificates.

561. Prevention of discrimination in favour of authority's ships.

562. Pilotage charges.

563. Use of agents; joint arrangements.

564. Information and directions as to joint arrangements.

565. Resolution of disputes between authorities concerning arrangements.

566. Authority's obligations to provide statement of accounts.

567. Requirements where compulsory pilotage in force.

568. Liability for ships under compulsory pilotage.

569. Rights of authorised pilot to supersede unauthorised pilot.

570. Declaration as to draught etc of ship.

571. Authorised pilot not to be taken out of his area.

572. Facilities to be given for pilot boarding or leaving ship.

573. Limitation of liability in respect of pilots.

574. Deep sea pilotage certificates.

575. Ordinary obligations as to efficiency of tug.

576. Ordinary mutual obligation to use due care.

577. Tug ordinarily under control of tow.

578. Special conditions relieving the tug.

7. Safety and Security at Sea

579. Safety of submersible and supporting apparatus.

580. Provision regarding design, construction, etc of ships and their machinery and equipment.

581. Obligation of shipowners as to seaworthiness.

582. Survey and certification.

583. Provision made in relation to passenger ships on domestic voyages.

585. Regulations for compliance with health and safety requirements.

586. Survey of vessels to check compliance.

587. Certificates confirming compliance.

588. Prohibition on going to sea without appropriate certificate.

589. Requirement to give notice of alterations when a fishing vessel certificate is in force.

590. Vessels to which the provisions regulating commercial use for sport or pleasure apply.

591. Large commercial vessels to comply with the applicable safety code of practice.

592. Small commercial vessels to comply with the applicable safety codes of practice.

593. Power to permit equivalent provision to be made outside the regulations and codes.

594. Offences and power to detain.

595. Recreational craft.

596. Application of provisions.

597. Power to permit equivalent provision to be made outside the high speed craft regulations.

598. Secretary of State's power to grant approvals.

599. The high speed craft codes.

600. Safety requirements for persons with reduced mobility.

601. Risk assessment with reference to wash.

602. Passenger craft to operate in accordance with permit.

603. Behaviour of persons on passenger craft.

604. Offences and power to detain.

605. Health and safety: general duties.

606. International and domestic safety management codes.

607. Noise.

608. Mechanical vibration.

609. Work at height.

610. Carcinogens and mutagens, biological and chemical agents, asbestos, artificial optical radiation and electromagnetic fields.

611. Requirement to provide personal protective equipment and to use it properly.

612. Fire precautions.

613. General safety of navigation requirements.

614. Procedure allowing radio stations to receive signals indicating dangers to navigation.

615. Radio installations.

616. Closing of openings in hulls etc.

617. Safety requirements relating to ship's machinery and equipment.

618. Life-saving routines, appliances and communications.

622. Returns to be furnished by masters of ships as to passengers.

623. Requirement to register births and deaths on board ship.

624. Dangerous goods in general.

625. Handling, stowage, carriage of dangerous goods and marine pollutants by merchant shipping.

626. Carriage of packaged irradiated nuclear fuel by sea.

627. Reporting requirements for ships carrying dangerous or polluting goods.

628. Cargo information.

629. Carriage of required documentation.

630. Duties regarding stowage and securing.

631. Requirement for oxygen analysis and gas detection equipment.

632. Safe use of pesticides in ships.

633. Power to provide for equivalents and exemptions.

634. Conditions to be met before bulk cargoes other than grain are loaded.

635. Loading, unloading and stowage of bulk cargoes.

636. Ships carrying grain to comply with the International Grain Code.

637. Requirements to be met by ships in respect of which transhipment licences are in force.

638. Compliance with standards prescribed for ships in respect of which transhipment licences are in force.

639. Application of the load lines provisions.

640. General compliance with load line rules.

641. Exemptions from load line rules.

642. Assignment of freeboards and the conditions of assignment.

643. The required initial survey, renewal survey and annual survey.

644. Issue, duration and extension of appropriate certificates.

645. Certificates ceasing to be valid, and surrender and cancellation of certificates.

646. Power to allow equivalents.

647. Power to establish temporary exclusion zones where a casualty is wrecked, damaged or in distress.

648. Control of movements affected by temporary exclusion zones.

649. Secretary of State's power to give safety directions in respect of a ship.

650. Action taken in lieu of safety direction.

651. Liabilities in respect of action taken in accordance with, or in lieu of, a safety direction.

652. Shipping required to comply with international safety standards.

653. Inspections.

654. Rectification and detention.

655. Prohibition on detained ships requiring repair entering United Kingdom port.

656. Duty to report anomalies.

657. Complaints.

658. Application of the ship and port facility security regulations.

659. Powers of inspection exercisable in relation to ships and port facilities.

660. Retention of records related to ship and port facility security.

661. Procedure for making amendments to security plans.

662. Detention notices; the procedure relating to objections.

663. Enforcement notices; the procedure relating to objections.

584. [Inspections of ro-ro passenger ships and high-speed passenger craft].

619. System for counting passengers on board.

620. System for registering passengers on board.

621. Exemption from the requirements to count and register passengers on board.

8. Collisions

664. Meaning of 'collision' and application of the Collision Regulations.

665. Scope of the rules.

666. Construction of the rules.

667. Responsibility under the rules.

668. Infringement of the rules and breaches of duty.

669. Requirement to maintain a proper look-out.

670. Safe speed.

671. Risk of collision.

672. Action to avoid collision.

673. The narrow channel rule.

674. Meaning of 'narrow channel'.

675. Traffic separation schemes.

676. Rules applicable to sailing vessels.

677. Overtaking rules.

678. Head-on situation.

679. The crossing rule.

680. Action by give-way vessel.

681. Action by stand-on vessel.

682. Responsibilities between vessels.

683. Vessels proceeding in restricted visibility.

684. Application of rules concerning lights and shapes.

685. Visibility of lights.

686. Lights required by power-driven vessels underway.

687. Lights and shapes required by vessels towing and pushing.

688. Lights and shapes required by vessels being towed or pushed.

689. Lights and shapes required by sailing vessels underway and vessels under oars.

690. Lights and shapes required by fishing vessels.

691. Lights and shapes required by vessels not under command or restricted in their ability to manoeuvre.

692. Lights required by vessels constrained by their draught.

693. Lights and shapes required by pilot vessels.

694. Lights and shapes required by anchored vessels and vessels aground.

695. Lights and shapes required by seaplanes or wing-in-ground craft.

696. Equipment for sound signals.

697. Manoeuvring and warning signals.

698. Sound signals in restricted visibility.

699. Signals to attract attention.

700. Distress signals.

701. Duty of ship to assist the other in case of collision.

702. Required entry in log following accident, collision etc.

703. Matters to which the rules relate.

704. Relationship between the rules of good seamanship and the collision regulations.

705. Launching of vessel.

706. Special weather conditions.

707. Carrying and dropping anchor.

708. Coming to anchor and foul berth.

709. Precautions while vessel at anchor or moored alongside etc.

710. Keeping clear of vessel at anchor.

711. Steering gear.

712. Tug assistance.

713. Officers and watch on look-out.

714. Speed.

715. Standing close and speaking.

716. Tug and tow.

717. Tug and tow manoeuvring for other vessels.

718. Sailing vessels.

719. Dangerous vessels.

720. Dumb barges.

721. Tide and current.

722. Waiting at a bend.

723. Dredging up stern first.

724. Warping; smelling the ground.

725. Crossing or turning in a river.

726. Anchoring in fairway.

727. Aground in the fairway.

728. Incoming vessel to wait for outgoing.

729. Obeying orders of dock master or harbour master.

730. Cause of action.

731. Burden of proof.

732. Rules as to proof.

733. Negligence in construction, equipment or manning.

734. Negligence in navigation.

735. Meaning of 'reasonable care' and 'reasonable skill'.

736. Degree of skill required in sudden difficulty.

737. Care and skill afloat and ashore.

738. Damage other than to a ship.

739. Damage to another vessel without collision.

740. Principles of liability.

741. Negligence causing damage.

742. Simultaneous negligence.

743. Antecedent and subsequent negligence.

744. Rule as to division of loss.

745. Working out of division of loss between shipowners.

746. Limitation of liability.

747. More than two ships in fault.

748. Third innocent vessel.

749. Rights of cargo owners and others.

750. Loss of life and personal injuries.

751. Loss of life or personal injuries; right of contribution.

752. Personal liability.

753. Vicarious liability of owner.

754. Liability of master.

755. Chartered ship.

756. Collision between tug and tow.

757. Collision of tug or tow with a third vessel.

758. Vessel acting under orders of harbour or dock master.

759. National ships.

760. Collision with wreck.

761. Defence of inevitable accident.

762. Circumstances in which defence may arise.

763. Owners of damaged ship.

764. Owners of cargo or other property in ship.

765. Personal injuries or death.

766. General principles.

767. Nature of indemnity.

768. Burden of proof.

769. Damages in case of total loss.

770. Valuation in absence of market value.

771. Loss after collision.

772. Vessel damaged but not lost.

773. Cost of repairs.

774. Dry-docking.

775. Detention of ship.

776. Expenses of detention.

777. Loss of profits by detention.

778. Use of another vessel.

779. Damages recoverable by foreign state or public authority.

780. Other expenses.

781. Cargo owner's loss.

782. Interest.

783. Admiralty jurisdiction in rem and in personam.

784. Maritime lien.

785. Limitation of time for proceedings.

786. Assistance after collision.

787. Damage received during salvage.

9. Incidents, Accidents, Investigations and Inquiries

788. Reporting of incidents and accidents at sea.

789. Measures to be taken in the event of exceptionally bad weather or sea conditions, or when risks are posed by the presence of ice.

790. Appointment of marine accident inspectors.

791. Meaning of 'accident'.

792. Meaning of 'marine casualty'.

793. Meaning of 'very serious marine casualty'.

794. Meaning of 'serious marine casualty'.

795. Meaning of 'marine incident'.

796. Application of provisions relating to the reporting and investigation of marine accidents.

797. Objective of a marine investigation.

798. Duty to notify accidents and serious injuries.

799. Safety investigations and preliminary assessments.

800. Conduct of safety investigations.

801. Co-operation with other states.

802. Preservation of evidence.

803. Reports.

804. Recommendations as to how future marine accidents may be prevented.

805. Provision for formal investigation into accident to be held by a wreck commissioner.

806. Wreck commissioners and assessors.

807. Remittance of case to the Attorney General.

808. Notice of investigation; parties to the investigation.

809. Admission of evidence to formal investigation.

810. Meeting preliminary to commencement of formal investigation.

811. Holding of formal investigation.

812. Opening statements in formal investigation; written statements.

813. Conduct of formal investigation.

814. Addresses to the wreck commissioner after taking of evidence.

815. Adjournment of formal investigation.

816. Result of formal investigation.

817. Reports of formal investigation.

818. Costs.

819. Rehearing of and appeal from investigations.

820. Procedure.

821. Inquiries into deaths of crew members and others.

822. Reports of and inquiries into injuries.

823. Transmission of particulars of deaths on ships.

10. Salvage and Wreck

824. 'Salvage'.

825. 'Salvage operation'.

826. The Salvage Convention.

827. Jurisdiction regarding salvage claims.

828. Salvage contracts and the Lloyd's Open Form.

829. Salvage claims against the Crown; Crown rights of salvage and regulation thereof.

830. How salvage services may be rendered.

831. Duties of salvor, owner and master.

832. Rights of coastal states to protect coastline etc from pollution.

833. Duty to render assistance under Salvage Convention.

834. Co-operation between salvors, other interested parties and public authorities.

835. Property the subject of salvage service.

836. Danger requisite.

837. Evidence of danger.

838. Useful result.

839. Salvage of persons.

840. Disqualifications.

841. The right to salvage reward at common law.

842. Requirement of personal services.

843. Voluntariness.

844. Crews and pilots.

845. Ship's agents and passengers.

846. Tugs under towage contract.

847. Public officers, coastguards and foyboatmen.

848. Lifeboat crews.

849. Liability to contribute.

850. Contribution as between cargo owner and shipowner.

851. Liability proportioned.

852. Life salvage.

853. Convention principles and criteria.

854. Special compensation.

855. The reward and special compensation; the common understanding.

856. Assessment by the court.

857. Finality of salvage award.

858. Agreements in general.

859. Setting aside salvage agreement.

860. Person bound by an agreement as to amount.

861. Common law principles.

862. Valuation of property by receiver.

863. Value of ship, cargo and freight.

864. Whether salvage service ends at port of destination.

865. Derelict.

866. Danger to life and property.

867. Value of property salved.

868. Care, skill and knowledge of salvors.

869. Misconduct by salvors.

870. Negligence of salvors.

871. Value of salving property.

872. Risk to salving property.

873. Duration of services.

874. Salvor's losses or expenses.

875. Grounds of appeal.

876. Criteria for apportionment under Salvage Convention.

877. Apportionment of salvage under £5,000 by receiver.

878. Apportionment by the court.

879. Agreements for apportionment.

880. Apportionment to owners.

881. Shares of master, officers and crew.

882. Shares of associates and passengers.

883. Officers and men of the Royal Navy and other services.

884. Independent salvors.

885. First and second sets of salvors.

886. Intervention.

887. Misconduct of salvors.

888. Rights in rem.

889. Rights in personam.

890. Maritime lien.

891. Duty to provide security.

892. Interim payment.

893. Limitation of actions.

894. Detention of property liable to salvage by receiver.

895. Sale of detained property by receiver.

896. Prohibition on seizure of state-owned and humanitarian cargoes.

897. Publication of arbitral awards.

898. 'Maritime casualty' and 'wreck'.

899. 'Derelict'.

900. 'Hazard'.

901. The Wrecks Convention and the Merchant Shipping Act 1995.

902. Geographical application of the Wrecks Convention, and the 'Convention area'.

903. Matters excluded from scope of the Wrecks Convention.

904. Secretary of State's functions as to wreck; appointment of receiver of wreck.

905. Compulsory insurance and other financial security.

906. Duty of state party to ensure that registered chips are insured.

907. Terms of issue of wreck removal insurance certificates.

908. Contravention of compulsory insurance and certification provisions.

909. Duty of persons responsible for wrecked vessel to report it.

910. Duties of finder of wreck.

911. Duties and powers of receiver and customs officers on being notified of wreck.

912. Receiver to give notice of wreck on taking possession.

913. Locating and marking of wrecks.

914. Powers of harbour and conservancy authorities to mark wrecks in waters under their control.

915. Receiver's powers of entry.

916. Co-operation and consultation between states.

917. Duty of registered owner to remove wreck, and issue of wreck removal notice.

918. Imposition of conditions about wreck removal.

919. Deadlines for wreck removal and state intervention in urgent cases.

920. Powers of harbour, conservancy and general lighthouse authorities to raise, remove and destroy wrecks in waters under their control.

921. Power to use adjoining land in case of vessel in distress.

922. Provisions as respects cargo etc washed on shore or otherwise lost or taken.

923. Prohibition on approaching dangerous wrecks.

924. Claims of owners to wreck.

925. Right of Crown to unclaimed wreck.

926. Notice of unclaimed wreck to be given to persons entitled.

927. Disposal of wreck unclaimed after one year.

928. Costs and exclusions.

929. Claims for costs.

930. Third party rights against insurers.

931. Powers of receiver to sell wreck.

932. Powers of harbour, conservancy and lighthouse authorities to sell vessels in order to reimburse costs.

933. Liability for damage in case of plundered vessel.

934. International agreement to protect wreck.

935. Licensing of activities in area of wreck.

936. Contents of licence.

937. Offence of carrying out unlicensed or unauthorised activities.

938. Criminal liability and enforcement.

11. Liens on Ships, Freight and Cargo

939. Nature and extent.

940. Extent of judgment in rem.

941. Maritime liens recognised by English law.

942. Lien for damage done by a ship.

943. Property to which lien attaches.

944. Salvage of property.

945. Seamen's wages.

946. Disbursements and liabilities.

947. Bottomry and respondentia.

948. Statutory lien.

949. Possessory lien.

950. Priority of liens generally.

951. Priority of maritime liens generally.

952. Damage.

953. Several actions for damage arising against one ship.

954. Salvage.

955. Bottomry.

956. Master's lien for wages and disbursements.

957. Seamen's lien for wages.

958. Supply of goods, materials etc.

959. Possessory lien.

960. Solicitor's lien for costs.

961. Mode of determination of claims.

962. Enforcement of maritime liens.

963. Transfer of maritime liens.

964. Enforcement of statutory liens.

965. Enforcement of possessory liens.

966. Extinction of liens.

12. Limitation of Liability of Shipowners etc

967. Legislative framework.

968. Persons entitled to limit liability under the Convention.

969. Claims subject to limitation under the Convention.

970. Claims excepted from limitation under the Convention.

971. Conduct barring limitation under the Convention.

972. Counterclaims under the Convention.

973. General limits of liability under the Convention.

974. Limit for passenger claims under the Convention.

975. Unit of account used in the Convention.

976. Aggregation of claims under the Convention.

977. Limitation of liability without constitution of a limitation fund.

978. Constitution of the limitation fund.

979. Distribution of the limitation fund.

980. Bar to other actions once limitation fund has been constituted.

981. Governing law for the constitution and distribution of limitation fund.

982. General application of the Convention.

983. General right of dock owner or harbour or conservancy authority to limit liability.

984. General exclusions.

985. Damage or loss: apportionment of liability.

986. Loss of life or personal injuries; joint and several liability.

987. Loss of life or personal injuries; right of contribution.

988. General time limits for proceedings to enforce claim or lien against a ship or her owners.

989. General application of liability provisions to Crown and its ships.

990. Compulsory insurance of shipowners for maritime claims and for ships receiving trans-shipped fish.

13. Lighthouse Authorities

991. Meanings of 'general lighthouse authorities' and 'local lighthouse authorities'.

992. The Trinity House.

993. The Commissioners of Northern Lighthouses.

994. The Commissioners of Irish Lights.

995. Returns and information to the Secretary of State.

996. Powers of inspection by the Secretary of State.

997. General function of management of lighthouses etc.

998. Joint discharge of functions of general lighthouse authorities.

999. General powers of general lighthouse authority.

1000. Commercial activities.

1001. Inspection of local lighthouses.

1002. Control of local lighthouse authorities.

1003. Disclosure of information to general lighthouse authorities.

1004. Powers of harbour authorities.

1005. Individual transfers of local lighthouses to harbour authorities.

1006. Surrender of local lighthouses.

1007. Light dues leviable by general lighthouse authorities.

1008. Information to determine light dues.

1009. Recovery of general light dues.

1010. Distress on ship for general light dues.

1011. Receipt for general light dues and its production.

1012. Light dues leviable by local lighthouse authorities.

1013. General Lighthouse Fund; expenses and receipts.

1014. Establishments of general lighthouse authorities.

1015. Estimates or accounts of expenses to the Secretary of State.

1016. Pension rights of certain employees.

1017. Borrowing powers of general lighthouse authorities; limit on borrowing.

1018. Guarantees by the Secretary of State of sums borrowed by general lighthouse authority.

1019. Accounts of general lighthouse authorities.

1020. Exemptions from taxes, duties, rates etc.

1021. Harbour dues.

1022. Powers of lighthouse authorities in relation to wrecks.

14. Offences and Legal Proceedings

1023. Time limit for summary offences.

1024. Time limit for summary orders.

1025. Offences by officers of bodies corporate.

1026. Jurisdiction in relation to offences.

1027. Jurisdiction over ships lying off coasts.

1028. Jurisdiction in case of offences on board ship.

1029. Offences committed by British seamen.

1030. Powers exercisable in relation to offenders outside the United Kingdom.

1031. Depositions of persons abroad admissible.

1032. Admissibility in evidence and inspection of certain documents.

1033. Admissibility of documents in evidence.

1034. Inspection and admissibility in evidence of copies of certain documents.

1035. Proof etc of exemptions.

1036. Offences relating to British character of ship.

1037. Penalty for carrying improper colours.

1038. Contravention of registration provisions.

1039. Offences relating to a ship's British connection.

1040. Offences in relation to fishing vessels not registered under the Merchant Shipping Act 1995.

1041. Failure to supply details of engine power of fishing vessels on certain applications.

1042. Failure to notify changes of ownership etc of ship.

1043. Offence of obscuring registration markings.

1044. Offences related to registration documents and the supply of information.

1045. Refusal to surrender certificate of registry when required.

1046. Contravention of provisions relating to the registration, certification, maintenance and operation of hovercraft.

1047. Offences relating to seafarers' working conditions and entitlements.

1048. Offences relating to crew agreements.

1049. Failure to observe proper procedure when a seaman is discharged.

1050. Failure to administer proper payment of seamen's wages.

1051. Failure to provide approved equipment in crew accommodation.

1052. Master's failure to deal with complaints about provisions or water.

1053. Falsely obtaining documents issued in relation to manning.

1054. Contravention of requirement to provide personal protective equipment.

1055. Contravention of provisions relating to the employment of young persons on ships.

1056. Failure to produce certificates and other documents of qualification.

1057. Going to sea where crew's knowledge of English is insufficient.

1058. Unqualified persons going to sea as qualified officers or seamen.

1059. Improperly obtaining special certificates of competence.

1060. Failure to deliver cancelled or suspended seaman's certificate.

1061. Improper destruction, mutilation or alteration of official log book.

1062. Offences relating to copies of lists of crew.

1063. Failure to deliver list of crew on demand to Registrar General.

1064. Failure to deliver expired or changed list of crew.

1065. Failure to produce lists of crew on demand to officials.

1066. Failure to produce British seaman's card on demand to officials.

1067. Failure to surrender British seaman's card when required.

1068. Failure to deliver British seaman's card.

1069. Employment when disentitled to discharge book.

1070. Failure to make proper application for discharge book when required.

1071. Failure to produce discharge book on demand.

1072. Failure to deliver discharge book.

1073. Failure to notify errors in seamen's documents.

1074. Failure to surrender seamen's documents when required.

1075. Making of improper marks or entries in seamen's documents.

1076. Master's failure to deliver documents where he ceases to be master during voyage.

1077. Conduct endangering ships, structures or individuals.

1078. Concerted disobedience and neglect of duty.

1079. Offences related to wearing of the merchant navy uniform.

1080. Alcohol and drugs offences applying to professional shipping staff.

1081. Alcohol and drugs offences applying to non-professional shipping staff.

1082. Powers of police and marine officials where alcohol and drugs offences are suspected.

1083. Unauthorised liquor on board a United Kingdom fishing vessel.

1084. Contravention of safety requirements applicable to commercially operated vessels.

1085. Contravention of safety requirements applicable to high speed craft.

1086. Contravention of fishing vessel construction rules.

1087. Contravention of provisions governing control of fishing vessel certificates.

1088. Contravention of prohibition on going to sea without appropriate certificate.

1089. Failure to give notice of alterations when a fishing vessel certificate is in force.

1090. Contravention of duties imposed by health and safety provisions.

1091. Contravention of duties imposed by working time provisions.

1092. Contravention of requirement to carry on board prescribed medical stores.

1093. Failure to comply with the International Safety Management ('ISM') Code for large vessels.

1094. Failure to comply with the safety management code for domestic passenger ships.

1095. Contravention of general safety of navigation requirements and functional requirements of radio installations.

1096. Contravention of requirements relating to counting and recording passengers on board.

1097. Failure to furnish, or falsifying, returns in respect of carriage of goods and passengers by sea.

1098. Failure to furnish, or falsifying, returns in respect of passengers on board ship.

1099. Master's failure to make returns as to births and deaths occurring in his ship.

1100. Contravention of requirements relating to dangerous goods, marine pollutants etc.

1101. Contravention of requirements relating to cargoes in need of special precautions.

1102. Failure to comply with requirements prescribed for ships receiving trans-shipped fish.

1103. Penalties relating to contravention of load line provisions.

1104. Offences and penalties in relation to load line certificates and surveys.

1105. Failure to observe controls imposed in relation to temporary exclusion zones.

1106. Interference with, or failure to comply with, safety directions or action taken in lieu.

1107. Failure to comply with requirements imposed in relation to ship and port facility security.

1108. Penalties for unauthorised presence in restricted areas of ship or port facility.

1109. Contravention of provisions governing distress signals and prevention of collisions.

1110. Master's failure to comply with his duties to assist ships etc in distress or persons in danger.

1111. Offences in connection with passenger ships.

1112. Stowaways.

1113. Unauthorised presence on board ship.

1114. Unauthorised persons; offences relating to safety.

1115. Meaning of 'dangerously unsafe ship'.

1116. Power to detain dangerously unsafe ship.

1117. References of detention notices to arbitration.

1118. Compensation in connection with invalid detention of ship.

1119. Owner and master liable in respect of dangerously unsafe ship.

1120. Use of unsafe lighters etc.

1121. Owner liable for unsafe operation of ship.

1122. Hijacking of ships.

1123. Seizing or exercising control of fixed platforms.

1124. Destroying ships or fixed platforms or endangering their safety.

1125. Other acts endangering or likely to endanger safe navigation.

1126. Offences involving threats.

1127. Ancillary offences.

1128. Master's power of delivery.

1129. Prosecution of offences under Part II of the Aviation and Maritime Security Act 1990.

1130. Statutory provisions relating to the protection of ships and harbour areas against acts of violence.

1131. Extension of Aviation and Maritime Security Act 1990 provisions.

1132. Failure to obey directions of receiver where vessel in distress.

1133. Failure to comply with requirements imposed by receiver in case of vessel in distress.

1134. Obstruction of power to use adjoining land in case of vessel in distress.

1135. Failure to comply with duty to notify receiver of wrecks.

1136. Failure to deliver to receiver cargo etc from vessel wrecked, stranded, or in distress.

1137. Taking wreck to foreign port.

1138. Interfering with wrecked vessel or wreck.

1139. Impeding a person endeavouring to save himself or another from shipwreck.

1140. Assaulting a magistrate etc on account of his preserving wreck.

1141. Contravention of provisions which protect sites of historic wrecks.

1142. Illegal activities in wartime.

1143. Pilots operating in areas without proper authorisation.

1144. Failure to meet requirements where compulsory pilotage in force.

1145. Pilotage by unauthorised pilot.

1146. Failure of master to supply sufficient information to enable pilot to carry out his duties.

1147. Taking authorised pilot out of his area.

1148. Failure to provide facilities for authorised pilot boarding or leaving ship.

1149. Misconduct by pilot endangering ship or persons on board ship.

1150. Interference with power to require production of ships' documents.

1151. Interference with powers to inspect ships and their equipment etc.

1152. Interference with powers of inspectors in relation to premises and ships.

1153. Contravention of a requirement imposed by prohibition notice and improvement notice.

1154. Failure to give required information or assistance to surveyor of ships.

1155. Enforcement of orders regulating shipping services in the event of foreign action.

1156. Enforcement of orders regulating coastal shipping services which are not British-based.

1157. Printing, selling etc of forms not prepared or approved by the Secretary of State.

1158. Offences in connection with damage etc to lighthouses etc.

1159. Offences in connection with prevention of false lights.

1160. Barratry.

1161. Piracy under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

1162. Seaman's liability for damages when absent without leave.

1163. Seaman's civil liability for acts of smuggling.

1164. Fines imposed under foreign immigration laws.

1165. Enforcing detention of ship under the Merchant Shipping Act 1995.

1166. Sums ordered to be paid leviable by distress on the ship.