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²Ñ¾±³Ù¾±²µ²¹³Ù¾±´Ç²Ô—c³ó±ð³¦°ì±ô¾±²õ³Ù How a sentence is reached When determining a sentence, a court will usually consider any statutory sentencing range, the applicable Sentencing Council (SC) guidelines including any offence specific sentencing guideline, the overarching guidelines and sentencing judgments from the Court of Appeal. The SC’s offence specific guidelines or the general guideline set out a stepped approach which the court must follow. See Practice Notes: Sentences imposed following conviction and Sentencing Council General Guideline—Overarching Principles. Generally, in sentencing exercises the court will need to consider the following: • the relevant starting point in the Sentencing Guidelines • the aggravating factors of the offence • the mitigation and personal circumstances of the defendant • any reduction in sentence for a guilty plea • whether the offender is dangerous and if there is a significant risk of harm through the commission of further specified offences • any ancillary orders that are appropriate • the totality of the sentence to ensure it is proportionate to the offending behaviour Mitigation The...

Basic scheme information from 6 April 2014—checklist

Basic scheme information from 6 April 2014—checklist THIS CHECKLIST APPLIES TO OCCUPATIONAL PENSION SCHEMES ON AND FROM 6 APRIL 2014 For information on the requirement to provide basic scheme information before 6 April 2014, see Practice Note: Occupational pension schemes—disclosure requirements before 6 April 2014—Basic scheme information (ARCHIVED) and Checklist: Basic scheme information before 6 April 2014—checklist [Archived]. Basic scheme information requirement Under the Occupational and Personal Pension Schemes (Disclosure of Information) Regulations 2013, SI 2013/2734 (the 2013 Disclosure Regulations), trustees of occupational pension schemes must provide basic scheme information to: • prospective members, and • members who have not already received such information within one month of the scheme receiving their jobholder information or, if no such information has been received, within two months of them joining the scheme. Basic scheme information must also be given at the request of any of the following persons: • a member or prospective member • their spouse or civil partner • a scheme beneficiary, or • a recognised trade union (ie a...

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Procurement process—flowchart—worked example

Procurement process—flowchart—worked example This Procurement process flowchart shows the order in which a procurement may take place, together with the elements to be considered to ensure that a transparent and suitable procurement process is followed. It also identifies Precedents available to assist you with the procurement process. This Flowchart is a worked example and is not intended to be definitive. Different organisations may well have very different processes, but it provides a good starting or reference point. The contract value figures have been included for illustrative purposes only. This Flowchart should be read in conjunction with Practice Note: Procurement risk management guide which identifies five key risk management priorities for in-house lawyers supporting the procurement process. See also Precedent: Procurement policy—internal. Note 1 When deciding whether or not you can use a supplier who has previously supplied goods/services to another part of the organisation you should consider: • satisfaction with the supplier • uniformity or standardisation requirements • price efficiency/economies of scale • desirability of reducing reliance on one...

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Money Laundering Regulations 2017—scope and application

Money Laundering Regulations 2017—scope and application This Practice Note sets out the scope and application of the Money Laundering, Terrorist Financing and Transfer of Funds (Information on the Payer) Regulations 2017 (MLR 2017), SI 2017/692, as amended. Scope The MLR 2017 form part of the UK’s overall anti-money laundering (AML), counter-terrorist financing (CTF) and counter-proliferation financing regime. They set administrative requirements which run parallel to the criminal element of the regime contained in the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (POCA 2002), the Terrorism Act 2000 (TA 2000) and various pieces of sanctions legislation. There is some overlap. The MLR 2017 have been amended a number of times since coming into force in June 2017. See further Practice Note: Money Laundering, Terrorist Financing and Transfer of Funds (Information on the Payer) Regulations 2017—key information for businesses. Application The MLR 2017 apply to: • relevant persons, ie: ◦ credit institutions ◦ financial institutions ◦ cryptoasset exchange providers ◦ custodian wallet providers ◦ auditors, insolvency practitioners, external accountants and tax advisers...

Local housing companies

Local housing companies Housing delivery Over a number of years the term local housing company (LHC) has had various meanings in the context of housing delivery vehicles. It was first used post Housing Act 1996 in the context of large scale voluntary transfer of urban estates to a company which had equal representation of the local housing authority (LHA), tenant and independent members and often attracted Government subsidy for example, from the then Estates Regeneration Challenge Fund (ERCF). See Practice Note: Housing stock transfer. The term LHC appeared again in the Housing Green Paper, 'Homes for the future: more affordable, more sustainable', in July 2007. The model on this occasion as envisaged by English Partnerships (subsequently the Homes and Communities Agency and now Homes England), involved a 50:50 long-term corporate joint venture between the LHA and a private sector partner established to develop local authority land. The term LHC today is used to describe independent arms-length commercial organisations wholly or partly owned by LHAs which develop, buy...

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Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) definition—life sciences

Leases—tenant environmental covenants

Produced in partnership with ELM Law 1 Definitions Environment all or any of the following media, namely air (including the air within buildings and the air within other natural or man-made structures above or below ground), land (including buildings and any other structures or erections in, on or under it and any soil and anything below the surface of the land) and water (including surface water, coastal water and groundwater) and any living organisms and ecosystems supported by those media Environmental Law all applicable statutes, subordinate legislation, directives, regulations, common law, orders, judgments, instructions of any regulatory authority or court, codes of practice and guidance...

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Can an insurer refuse to provide internal correspondence and case notes relating to an insurance claim where a subject access request (SAR) is made under the UK GDPR for such information?

Can an insurer refuse to provide internal correspondence and case notes relating to an insurance claim where a subject access request (SAR) is made under the UK GDPR for such information? This Q&A assumes that the organisation that has received the SAR is a ‘controller’ of the relevant data. For an introduction to the United Kingdom General Data Protection Regulation, Retained Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (UK GDPR) regime, including key data protection terms and concepts, such as ‘personal data’, 'processing', 'data subject' and ‘controller’, see: Data protection toolkit. As further explained in Practice Notes: The UK GDPR and DPA 2018 for insurers and Data subject rights—access, Article 15 of the UK GDPR gives individuals a right to obtain confirmation from a data controller as to whether or not personal data concerning them is being processed, and where it is, access to the personal data and certain further information. A request for such information is commonly known as a ‘subject access request’ (or a 'SAR' or 'DSAR'). In order to assist...

What is motor vehicle or road traffic accident insurance?

What is motor vehicle or road traffic accident insurance? In the UK, motor insurance is a mandatory insurance policy for any vehicle owner or driver unless the vehicle is declared as off the road. There are heavy penalties, both civil and criminal, for uninsured drivers (who are caught). The mandatory insurance regime is intended to protect the general public (including pedestrians and other non-vehicle users) against personal injury and damage caused in a road traffic accident. Types of motor insurance policies The motor insurance market is split into three main types of insurance: third-party only; third-party fire and theft; and comprehensive policies: • third-party only policies provide the minimum level of cover required by the law, namely the Road Traffic Act 1988 (RTA 1988). RTA 1988 mandates that motor insurance must at the very least cover the risk of death, personal injury or property damage to third parties caused by the insured vehicle • third-party fire and theft provides third-party cover as described above but in addition...

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No substitute for compliance with the environmental impact assessment regulations—permission for a proposed ‘net zero’ coal mine quashed (South Lakeland Action on Climate Change—Towards Transition v Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities)

Planning analysis: This case concerned the lawful approach to environmental impact assessments (EIAs) and ‘substitution’ arguments in the context of fossil fuel developments following the Supreme Court’s decision in R (oao Finch) v Surrey County Council and others [2024] UKSC 20. The court found that the Secretary of State had acted in breach of the Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment) Regulations 2011 (the 2011 regulations) in determining the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the burning of coal from the proposed mine were not likely indirect significant effects of the development, applying Finch. Written by Rowan Clapp, a barrister at Cornerstone Barristers.

Binding nature of dispositive part of award and revival of tribunal’s jurisdiction in English arbitration (AZ v BY)

Arbitration analysis: In this ruling, the English Commercial Court found in favour of the binding nature of the dispositive part of an arbitral award in an arbitration under the English Arbitration Act 1996 (EAA 1996), holding that the dispositive wording of the award constitutes a comprehensive statement of the remedies awarded by the tribunal equivalent to a court order following trial. The court also confirmed that by virtue of the overarching party autonomy rule, a tribunal’s jurisdiction could be revived after issuance of a final award with the express agreement of the parties and the tribunal. Written by Dr Gordon Blanke, founding principal at Blanke Arbitration.